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目的:探讨中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值（NLR）与自发性脑出血患者早期血肿扩大（HE）的相关性。方法:收集2017年1—12月在徐州医科大学附属医院确诊并收住入院的脑出血患者360例，从中筛选符合本研究条件的患者198例。根据24 h复查CT的情况，分为HE组（87例）和非HE组（111例）。比较两组患者相关临床资料及入院时、入院后24 h的血液学和影像学变化情况。结果:单因素分析显示，两组入院时收缩压[（180.45 ± 25.90）mmHg（1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa）比（171.81 ± 25.87） mmHg]、舒张压[（103.29 ± 14.26） mmHg比（97.98 ± 14.81） mmHg]、格拉斯哥昏迷量表（GCS）评分[（11.05 ± 2.02）分比（13.04 ± 1.58）分]、血肿体积[（25.14 ± 14.88） ml比（13.57 ± 11.98） ml]及入院后24 h复测GCS评分[（7.54 ± 2.04）分比（11.04 ± 2.12）分]、NLR（12.79 ± 7.24比5.59 ± 3.59）、血肿体积[（17.07 ± 8.95） ml比（7.97 ± 3.56） ml]比较差异有统计学意义（n P<0.05）。Logistic回归分析显示，入院后24 h NLR、GCS评分、血肿体积变化、孤岛征个数是HE的危险因素（n P<0.05）。受试者工作特征曲线分析表明，当入院后24 h NLR截断值为7.65时，预测自发性脑出血患者发生HE的灵敏度为78.16%，特异度为81.98%，曲线下面积为0.852（95%n CI 0.798 ~ 0.907，n P<0.001）。n 结论:自发性脑出血早期HE与NLR、血肿体积变化有关。“,”Objective:To investigate the relationship of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and early hematoma enlargement (HE) of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).Methods:Retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 360 patients with ICH who were diagnosed and admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from January 2017 to December 2017.Among them, 198 patients were selected for this study. According to the 24 h checked CT, they were divided into the hematoma expansion (HE) group (87 patients) and the non-HE group (111 patients). The clinical data of the two groups and the changes of hematology and imaging were compared.Results:Univariate analysis showed statistically significant differences of two groups in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score, hematoma volume at admission: (180.45 ± 25.90) mmHg(1 mmHg = 0.133 kpa) vs. (171.81 ± 25.87) mmHg, (103.29 ± 14.26) mmHg vs. (97.98 ± 14.81) mmHg, (11.05 ± 2.02) scores vs. (13.04 ± 1.58) scores, (25.14 ± 14.88) ml vs. (13.57 ± 11.98) ml; and GCS score, NLR , hematoma volume at 24 h after admission: (7.54 ± 2.04) scores vs. (11.04 ± 2.12) scores, 12.79 ± 7.24 vs. 5.59 ± 3.59, (17.07 ± 8.95) ml vs. (7.97 ± 3.56) ml, there were significant differences (n P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that NLR, GCS, hematoma volumeat 24 h after admission and number of island sign were independent correlated factors of HE (n P<0.05). Receiver operation characteristic(ROC) curve analysis showed that when the NLR at 24 h after admission cut off value was 7.65, the sensitivity of predicting HE in patients with ICH was 78.16%, the specificity was 81.98%, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.852 (95%n CI 0.798-0.907, n P<0.001).n Conclusions:HE have association with NLR, hematoma volume change.