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目的:分析伴食管外症状的GERD患者的临床表现和食管动力学特征。方法:回顾性纳入2018年1月1日至10月30日中国人民解放军火箭军特色医学中心180例伴食管外症状的GERD住院患者，分为咽喉症状组(65例)、气道症状组(58例)和混合症状组(57例)。比较3组的一般资料、临床症状、胃镜下表现，以及高分辨率食管测压、24 h食管pH联合多通道阻抗监测结果。采用卡方检验和单因素方差分析进行统计学分析。结果:年龄60岁的患者分别占12.8%(23/180)、53.3%(96/180)和33.9%(61/180)，3组比较差异有统计学意义(n χ2＝12.030，n P＝0.017)。有18.9%(34/180)的患者不伴典型的反流症状。咽喉症状组、气道症状组和混合症状组胃镜下食管胃黏膜异位或巴雷特食管发生率[分别为21.5%(14/65)、5.2%(3/58)、8.8%(5/57)]比较差异有统计学意义(n χ2＝8.578，n P＝0.014)。咽喉症状组、气道症状组和混合症状组食管下括约肌静息压、食管上括约肌静息压和远端收缩积分[分别为(8.57±0.76)、(8.87±0.79)、(10.51±0.97) mmHg(1 mmHg＝0.133 kPa)，(44.75±2.86)、(42.81±4.06)、(39.14±3.20) mmHg，(506.13±64.30)、(432.59±78.10)、(682.99±82.28) mmHg·s·cm]比较差异均无统计学意义(n P均>0.05)。咽喉症状组、混合症状组和气道症状组的DeMeester评分分别为(14.33±2.09)、(21.94±5.30)、(30.47±5.85)分，3组比较差异有统计学意义(n F＝3.226，n P＝0.043)。多通道阻抗监测结果显示，患者反流物以酸反流和弱酸反流为主，分别占55.5%(76/137)和34.3%(47/137)，87.6%(120/137)的患者以立位时段反流为主，12.4%(17/137)的患者以平卧位时段反流为主。n 结论:伴食管外症状GERD的发病与年龄有关。食管胃黏膜异位或巴雷特食管更多见于以咽喉症状为主要表现的GERD患者。气道症状为主的GERD存在更多的酸暴露和病理性酸反流，立位弱酸反流在伴食管外症状GERD的反流机制中起重要作用。“,”Objective:To analyze the clinical manifestations and esophageal motility characteristics of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and extra-esophageal symptoms.Methods:From January 1 to October 30, 2018, at PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, 180 hospitalized patients diagnosed with GERD and extra-esophageal symptoms were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into laryngopharyngeal symptom group (65 cases), airway symptom group (58 cases) and mixed symptom group (57 cases). General data, clinical symptoms, gastroscopic manitestations, the results of high-resolution esophageal manometry and 24-hour multichannel intraluminal impedance and pH monitoring of each group were analyzed and compared. Chi-square test and one-way analysis of variance were used for statistical analysis.Results:The patients aged 60 years accounted for 12.8% (23/180), 53.3% (96/180) and 33.9% (61/180), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( n χ2=12.030, n P=0.017). There were 18.9%(34/180) of patients without typical reflux symptoms. There were statistically significant differences in the incidence of ectopic esophagogastric mucosa or Barrett esophagus under gastroscopy between laryngopharyngeal symptom group, airway symptom group and mixed symptom group (21.5%, 14/65; 5.2%, 3/58 and 8.8%, 5/57, respectively) (n χ2=8.578, n P=0.014). There were no statistically significant differences in the lower esophageal sphincter pressure (LESP), upper esophageal sphincter pressure or distal contractile integral between laryngopharyngeal symptom group, airway symptom group and mixed symptom group ((8.57±0.76), (8.87±0.79), and (10.51±0.97) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa); (44.75±2.86), (42.81±4.06), and (39.14±3.20) mmHg; (506.13±64.30), (432.59±78.10), and (682.99±82.28) mmHg·s·cm)(all n P>0.05). The DeMeester score of laryngopharyngeal symptom group , mixed symptom group and airway symptom group was (14.33±2.09), (21.94±5.30) and (30.47±5.85) points, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (n F=3.226, n P=0.043). The results of multi-channel impedance monitoring showed that acid reflux and weak acid reflux were the main reflux in the patients, which accounted for 55.5% (76/137) and 34.3% (47/137), respectively. Among 87.6% (120/137) of the patients, reflux mainly occurred in the upright position while 12.4% (17/137) of the patients had reflux in the supine position.n Conclusions:The extra-esophageal symptoms of GERD is associated with age. Ectopic esophagogastric mucosa or Barrett esophagus are more common in GERD patients with laryngopharyngeal symptoms. There are more acid exposure and pathologic acid reflux in GERD mainly with airway symptoms. Weak acid reflux at upright position plays an important role in the reflux mechanism of GERD with extra-esophageal symptoms.