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一、导论本文将聚焦于二十世纪欧洲两位思想家波兰尼和哈耶克以及他们的影响。一开始,我得承认我对波兰尼的生平和思想比对哈耶克的知道得更多,所以,我将更多地谈论波兰尼。我有两个目标。我试图勾勒波兰尼从四十年代早期开始的最初的哲学观点的轮廓,并展示这些观点如何源自格式塔心理学。我将要分析波兰尼早期的社会愿景,也就是他关于好的社会应该如何组织的构想。我的第二个目标是,展示波兰尼的观点如何补充了哈耶克的观点,但又与哈耶克的早期观点不尽相同。
I. INTRODUCTION This article will focus on the influence of Polanyi and Hayek, two thinkers of Europe in the twentieth century, and their influence. From the very beginning, I must admit that I knew more about Polanyi’s life and thoughts than Hayek, so I will talk more about Polanyi. I have two goals. I tried to outline the original philosophical point of view Polanyi began in the early 1940s and show how these ideas originated from Gestalt psychology. I will analyze Polanyi’s early social vision, which is his idea of how a good society should be organized. My second goal is to show how Pony’s point of view complements Hayek’s point of view but differs from Hayek’s earlier point of view.