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以天然木质材料为原料,以ZnCl2为活化剂,采用一步化学活化法制备了保留木材天然结构的生物形态多孔炭。研究了活化工艺参数对多孔炭的孔结构和表面形貌的影响,并初步探讨了活化机理。结果表明:活化剂ZnCl2对于生物形态多孔炭具有很好的活化作用,通过改变ZnCl2/多孔炭的浸渍比、活化温度,可以调控多孔炭的孔结构和表面形貌。活化温度450℃,浸渍比为7时,多孔炭的BET比表面积为771.6m2/g;浸渍比为5,活化温度900℃,多孔炭的BET比表面积为951.34m2/g。ZnCl2具有催化脱羟基和脱水的作用,并促进芳烃缩合反应,对多孔炭表面产生造孔和扩孔作用,随着浸渍比的提高和活化温度的升高,扩孔作用明显。
Using natural wood as raw material and ZnCl2 as activator, the biological morphological porous carbon which preserved the natural structure of wood was prepared by one-step chemical activation method. The influence of activation process parameters on the pore structure and surface morphology of porous carbon was investigated. The activation mechanism was also discussed. The results show that ZnCl 2 activates the porous carbon with biological morphology. The pore structure and surface morphology of the porous carbon can be controlled by changing the impregnation ratio and activation temperature of ZnCl 2 / porous carbon. When the activation temperature is 450 ℃ and the impregnation ratio is 7, the BET specific surface area of porous carbon is 771.6m2 / g. The impregnation ratio is 5 and the activation temperature is 900 ℃. The BET specific surface area of porous carbon is 951.34m2 / g. ZnCl2 can catalyze dehydroxylation and dehydration, promote the aromatic condensation reaction, and produce pore and pore expansion on the surface of porous carbon. With the increase of impregnation ratio and activation temperature, ZnCl2 has obvious effect of expanding pores.