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理论和实践的一致、计划性、预防为主、免费以及全民性的高水平医疗机构是苏联保健制度的特点。根据居民的要求,大规模地建立了多科性的门诊机构、医院、疗养院和其它保健机构的保健网,因而有些疾病得以消灭,有些疾病显著减少;60年来儿童死亡率降低了90％多,总死亡率下降了2/3。现在,苏联约有36,000个多科性门诊机构,其中多半是专科医疗中心。地段的内科、儿科以及车间的医疗工作日趋完善。门诊所和专科诊所的医务人员为居民提供的医疗服务逐年扩大。现有医院已达23,000所,拥有
Uniform, planned, preventive, free, and universal high-level medical institutions are the characteristics of the Soviet health system. According to the residents’ requirements, a multi-disciplinary health care network for outpatient clinics, hospitals, nursing homes and other health care institutions has been established on a large scale. As a result, some diseases have been eliminated and some diseases have been significantly reduced; child mortality has decreased by more than 90% in 60 years. Total mortality fell by 2/3. The Soviet Union now has about 36,000 multidisciplinary outpatient facilities, most of which are specialist medical centers. Lots of medical work in internal medicine, paediatrics, and workshops are improving. The medical services provided by the clinics and specialist clinics for residents have expanded every year. The existing hospital has reached 23,000, with