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医疗保障制度涉及投保单位、个人、医疗机构、医药市场等多方面的复杂关系,其改革特别艰难与痛苦。自1998年国务院颁布《关于建立城镇职工医疗保险制度的决定》,确定城镇职工医疗保险制度的基本框架以来,医疗保险覆盖范围不断扩大,截至2002年底,全国98%的地级市已建立基本医疗保险制度,参加基本医疗保险的人数已达到9400多万人,预计今年将突破1亿人。医疗费用的过快增长得到了有效遏制,改革前卫生系统综合医院每次平均门诊和住院费年增长率分别为25%和23%,改革后的2001年分别降低到9%和5%。我国的医疗保险制度历经5年的努力已取得了显著进展,一个适应社会主义市场经济的城镇职工医疗保障体系框架已基本确立。但同时必须清醒地看到,我国的医疗保险事业还刚刚
The medical security system involves complicated relationships among insured units, individuals, medical institutions, and the pharmaceutical market. The reforms are particularly difficult and painful. Since the State Council promulgated the “Decision on Establishing a Medical Insurance System for Urban Employees” in 1998, and since the basic framework of the medical insurance system for urban employees has been established, the coverage of medical insurance has been continuously expanding. By the end of 2002, 98% of prefecture-level cities nationwide had established basic medical care. The insurance system, the number of people participating in basic medical insurance has reached more than 94 million people, and is expected to exceed 100 million this year. The rapid growth of medical expenses has been effectively curbed. The average annual outpatient and inpatient expenses for the general hospitals before the reform were respectively increased by 25% and 23% respectively. After the reform, they were reduced to 9% and 5% respectively in 2001. After five years of efforts, China’s medical insurance system has made remarkable progress. The framework of a medical insurance system for urban employees adapted to the socialist market economy has been basically established. But at the same time, we must clearly see that our country’s medical insurance business has just