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学术不端行为极大地阻碍着医学科学和医学期刊的健康发展，医学期刊编辑在学术不端行为惩防工作中要发挥主动性，从了解本学科的前沿动态、充分利用网络资源和数据库、建立审稿专家库并选择对口专家审稿、要求作者提供原始实验数据等完整的实验信息、实行作者承诺书和单位审核制度以及严肃处理查实的学术不端行为等6个方面，辅助遏制学术不端行为。“,”Academic misconducts have posed more negative impacts on the healthy development of medicine and medical journals. Here we discuss the role of medical journal editors in preventing and systematical solutions to deter academic misconduct as follows. First, master the state of the art of the subjects in charge to increase the sensitivity on academic misconduct. Second, fully utilize network resources and databases to check fraud behavior. Next, establish reviewer database and send contributions to proper reviewers. Fourth, request authors to submit original data. Fifth, implement the regulations of commitment letter and unit supervision. Last but not least, punish verified scientific fraud seriously.