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本文主要讨论在冷锻加工中产生尺寸误差的原因、产生误差的机理及实现高精度的对策。一般认为,冷锻在零件成形上是具有划时代意义的加工方法。但正因为如此,加工时所要耗费的能量也是极大的,并且对金属模承受的应力、摩擦的要求也很高。许多因素限制了对精密度的确保,如不理解造成误差的机理,就找不到消除误差的办法。相反,只有在弄清了造成误差的机理之后,积极设法找对策,才能在零件成形上有所突破和实现减少辅助加工(无整修)。
This article mainly discusses the reason of size error in cold forging process, the mechanism of error and the countermeasure to achieve high precision. It is generally believed that cold forging is an epoch-making processing method on the part forming. But because of this, the energy consumed during the processing is also great, and the stress and friction required by the metal mold are also very high. Many factors limit the assurance of precision and can not find ways to eliminate the error without understanding the mechanism that caused the error. On the contrary, it is only by identifying the mechanism that caused the error that you are actively trying to find a solution in order to make a breakthrough in the part’s shape and to reduce the number of auxiliary processing (no renovation).