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目的了解长沙市某高校在校学生健康素养状况及其影响因素。方法采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,使用自行设计的大学生健康素养调查问卷对调查对象进行调查。结果 414名调查对象健康素养基本知识和技能百分制平均得分为(60.918±5.2544)分,68.36%具有基本健康素养(≥60分);传染病预防与慢性病预防维度百分制平均得分较低(分别为46.075±0.8193和4.743±1.2172);科学健康观和急救应急2个维度,女生及格率均高于男生,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);非农业户籍大学生健康素养知晓率(70.8%)高于农业户籍(67.5%),但两者之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同年龄组之间的健康素养比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:少数民族(OR=1.775)、农业户籍(OR=1.339)的大学生健康素养相对较低,年龄≥22岁(OR=0.480)、家庭月平均收入≥10 000元(OR=0.686)的大学生健康素养相对较高。结论大学生健康素养水平,尤其是传染病预防和慢性病预防,有待进一步提高,应进一步采取必要的健康教育干预,以提高大学生健康素养水平。
Objective To understand the status of health literacy of students in a university in Changsha and its influencing factors. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to investigate the surveyed subjects by using self-designed questionnaire of health literacy of undergraduates. Results The average score of basic knowledge and skills of 414 healthy subjects was (60.918 ± 5.2544) points, 68.36% had basic health literacy (≥60 points), and the mean percentage of communicable disease prevention and chronic disease prevention was lower (46.075 ± 0.8193 and 4.743 ± 1.2172 respectively). The scientific outlook on health and the first aid emergency were both higher than the male students in the dimensions of scientific health and emergency response (P <0.05). The awareness rate of health literacy among non-agricultural college students was 70.8% (67.5%), but there was no significant difference between them (P> 0.05). There was significant difference in health literacy among different age groups (P <0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the health literacy of college students with minorities (OR = 1.775) and agricultural domicile (OR = 1.339) was relatively low, with a mean age of 22 years (OR = 0.480) OR = 0.686), the health literacy of college students is relatively high. Conclusion The level of college students ’health literacy, especially the prevention of infectious diseases and the prevention of chronic diseases, needs to be further improved. The necessary health education intervention should be further taken to improve the level of college students’ health literacy.