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在航空运输产业链条上既有垄断性业务又有竞争性业务,而垄断与竞争的边界是动态的。因此,航空业的规制政策应根据不同的业务及其边界作出相应的调整。新自然垄断理论认为,需要结合自然垄断的强弱、进入市场的壁垒以及企业承受能力来确定规制的边界。从航空业务属性的视角出发,先简单介绍了航空运输产业链上的主要业务及其业务属性,选择其中具有代表性的空中管理业务、机场业务和航空运输服务业务进行具体的分析,根据每个业务不同的垄断性特征及其分别在管制过程中所存在的问题,最后给出了相应的规制改革建议。
There are both monopolistic and competitive businesses in the air transport industry chain, while the boundary between monopoly and competition is dynamic. Therefore, the regulatory policies of the aviation industry should be adjusted according to different businesses and their boundaries. The new natural monopoly theory believes that the boundary of the regulation needs to be determined in the light of the strength of natural monopoly, the barriers to entry into the market and the affordability of enterprises. From the perspective of aviation business attribute, this article briefly introduces the main business and its business attributes in the air transport industry chain, and selects the representative air management business, airport business and air transport service business for specific analysis. According to each Different monopoly characteristics of business and their respective problems in the regulatory process, and finally gives the corresponding regulatory reform proposals.