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In this work, we treat scattering objects, water, surface and bottom in a truly unified manner in a parallel finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) scheme, which is suitable for distributed parallel computing in a message passing interface(MPI) programming environment. The algorithm is implemented on a cluster-based high performance computer system.Parallel computation is performed with different division methods in 2D and 3D situations. Based on analysis of main factorsaffecting the speedup rate and parallel efficiency, data communication is reduced by selecting a suitable scheme of task division.A desirable scheme is recommended, giving a higher speedup rate and better efficiency. The results indicate that the unifiedparallel FDTD algorithm provides a solution to the numerical computation of acoustic scattering.