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卢作孚(1893—1952)是中国近代最具特色与实绩的民族企业家之一,有“中国船王”、“中国科学管理专家”之称。毛泽东同志曾夸赞他为中国民族工业发展中不能忘记的四个实业界人士之一,说“搞交通运输业,不能忘记卢作孚”。1926年卢作孚在家乡四川省合川县创办民生公司,当时只有一艘70吨的小火轮,行驶渝合一线,尔后20余年的功夫,船只发展到140余艘,航线也从长江伸展到沿海,甚至远及日本、印度、东南亚国家,还有3个附属企业和95个投资企事业,成为中国近代规模最大的航业资本集团。民生公司在旧中国恶劣的环境中,竟有如是鲜见的成绩,致因虽多,而总经理卢作孚独特的经营管理方法是颇为关键的。本文只就其“组织管理”作一阐述。
Lu Zuofu (1893 - 1952) is one of the most characteristic and actual national entrepreneurs in modern China. He is known as the “Chinese ship king” and “Chinese scientific management expert”. Comrade Mao Zedong praised him as one of the four people in the business community who cannot be forgotten in the development of China’s national industry. He said that “If you engage in transportation, you must not forget Lu Zuofu.” In 1926, Lu Zuofu founded Minsheng Co., Ltd. in Hechuan County, Sichuan Province, China. At that time, there was only a 70-ton steamer, which was integrated into the first line. After more than 20 years of effort, the number of ships increased to more than 140, and the route also stretched from the Yangtze to the coast. Even as far away as Japan, India, and Southeast Asian countries, there are three affiliated companies and 95 investment enterprises, which have become China’s largest aviation industry capital group in modern times. The people’s livelihood company in the harsh environment of old China, even if there are rare results, although there are many reasons, and the general manager Lu Zuofu’s unique management methods are quite critical. This article only elaborates on its “organizational management”.