论文部分内容阅读
目的:研究不同覆盖材料和定植方式对党参土壤水分、温度变化及药材产量效应,为选择干旱半干旱药区党参栽培技术模式提供依据。方法:采用覆盖材料(玉米秸秆全覆盖、地膜露头覆盖和露地)和定植方式(平栽和斜栽)双因素随机区组试验,测定并分析了不同处理和不同因素下土壤水分、温度的变化特征以及对药材产量性状的影响。结果:秸秆平栽、秸秆斜栽、地膜平栽、地膜斜栽和露地平栽的土壤平均含水量分别较对照(露地斜栽)提高8.54%、6.42%、5.33%、3.35%和2.19%,秸秆平栽在移栽后不同时期和不同土层均保墒效果最好,秸秆斜栽次之;秸秆平栽和秸秆斜栽的土壤平均温度分别较对照降低0.97℃和0.79℃,地膜平栽、地膜斜栽和露地平栽则较对照提高0.06℃、0.10℃和0.22℃;秸秆平栽和秸秆斜栽的产量分别较对照增产23.27%和17.49%,地膜平栽、地膜斜栽和露地平栽分别较对照减产7.62%、13.36%和23.81%。总体而言,秸秆覆盖土壤平均含水量较露地提高6.35%,土壤平均温度降低0.99℃,增产36.66%。结论:秸秆覆盖与平栽相结合的栽培方法对党参具有极显著的降温保墒和增产作用,可作为干旱半干旱药区党参稳产高产的高效栽培新模式进行生产应用。
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of different covering materials and planting methods on soil water and temperature of Codonopsis pilosula and the yield of medicinal herbs, in order to provide the basis for selecting the Codonopsis cultivation technical mode in arid and semi-arid areas. Methods: A two-factor randomized block experiment with covering material (covering of corn stalks, covering of mulching film with open field) and planting (flat planting and oblique planting) was adopted to measure and analyze the changes of soil moisture and temperature under different treatments and different factors Characteristics and the impact on the yield traits of medicinal materials. Results: The mean soil water content of straw planted, straw planted, mulched planted, mulching planted and planted planted increased by 8.54%, 6.42%, 5.33%, 3.35% and 2.19% Straw stalk planted at different times after transplanting and different soil layers are the best soil moisture, followed by stalks oblique; straw stalk and stalk oblique planted soil temperature were lower than the control 0.97 ℃ and 0.79 ℃, Mulching and open-field mulching increased by 0.06 ℃, 0.10 ℃ and 0.22 ℃ compared with the control; the yields of straw mulching and straw mulching increased by 23.27% and 17.49% compared with the control respectively. Respectively, compared with the control yield 7.62%, 13.36% and 23.81%. Overall, the average soil moisture content of straw mulch increased by 6.35% compared with the open field, the average soil temperature decreased by 0.99 ° C, an increase of 36.66%. Conclusion: The combination of straw mulching and flat planting has significant effects on the Codonopsis pilosula and its effect on the conservation of Codonopsis pilosula. It can be used as a new high-efficient cultivation model for Codonopsis pilosula in the arid and semi-arid area.