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新源县茶叶试验站位于巩乃斯谷地东段的阿拉图伯草原。北纬43°,海拔1,480米,年降雨量755.79毫米,其中4—8月的降雨量占全年的70.7％;无霜期80—110天;年平均气温5.9℃,年极端最高气温为34.1℃,极端最低气温为-30.7℃,年积温(≥0℃)达3,400℃左右。土层深厚,结构良好,有机质含量丰富。PH值6.5°。综上所述,新源县的丰富热量,以及微酸性的土壤条件等,基本上可满足茶树生长的要求。但生长季节短,温差大,特别是漫长寒冷的冬天(表1),加上偏西的寒风和开春的旱风,对茶树生长十分不利。因此,在这样条件下研究解决茶树安全越冬,是茶树引种成功的关键。我们围绕茶树安全越冬问题开展了一些试验研究。
Xinyuan Tea Experimental Station is located in the Arapaibo grassland in the eastern section of the Gongnaisi Valley. Latitude 43 °, 1,480 meters above sea level, the annual rainfall of 755.79 mm, of which 4 - August the annual rainfall accounted for 70.7%; frost-free period 80-110 days; the annual average temperature of 5.9 ℃, annual extreme maximum temperature of 34.1 ℃, extreme The lowest temperature is -30.7 ℃, annual accumulated temperature (≥0 ℃) up to about 3,400 ℃. Deep soil, good structure, rich organic matter content. PH value of 6.5 °. In summary, the rich source of heat in Xinyuan County, as well as slightly acidic soil conditions, can basically meet the requirements of tea tree growth. But the growth season is short, the temperature difference is big, especially in the long and cold winter (Table 1), plus the west wind and the dry wind of opening spring, is very unfavorable to the tea tree growth. Therefore, under such conditions to study the safety of tea trees overwintering, the key to the success of tea introduction. We carried out some experimental studies on the safe winter tea tree.