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在超声场作用下,以氯金酸为前驱物,PVP为保护剂,经KBH4还原,制备了分散均匀的金胶体。利用X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜和分光光度技术等对制备的金胶体进行了表征。结果表明:金纳米粒子为25nm左右的球形或椭球形。还原剂用量对金胶体的最大吸收峰位影响较大,当KBH4用量小于1mL时,最大吸收波长为530nm,吸收峰较低而宽;KBH4加入量超过2mL时,最大吸收峰明显蓝移,在512~514nm,最大吸收峰增强,但峰变宽。继续增加KBH4用量超过5mL,吸光度曲线基本不变,KBH4用量超过8mL后最大吸收峰在510nm左右,但吸光度较高,且峰形尖而窄,单分散性好。超声场分布、超声功率和温度使金胶体的最大吸收峰变小,最大吸收峰位在510nm左右。
Under the action of ultrasonic field, the gold colloid was prepared by using chloroauric acid as precursor and PVP as protective agent and KBH4 reduction. The prepared gold colloids were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and spectrophotometry. The results show that the gold nanoparticles are spherical or ellipsoidal about 25nm. When the amount of KBH4 is less than 1mL, the maximum absorption wavelength is 530nm, the absorption peak is lower and wider. When the amount of KBH4 is more than 2mL, the maximum absorption peak is significantly blue-shifted 512 ~ 514nm, the maximum absorption peak increased, but the peak broadened. Continue to increase the amount of KBH4 more than 5mL, absorbance curve basically unchanged, KBH4 dosage of more than 8mL maximum absorption peak at about 510nm, but higher absorbance, and the peak sharp and narrow, good monodispersity. Ultrasound field distribution, ultrasonic power and temperature of gold colloid maximum absorption peak becomes smaller, the maximum absorption peak at about 510nm.