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模拟秋冬保护地栽培条件下,利用盆栽试验研究了6个不同基因型菠菜品种(菠杂10、菠杂15、菠杂18、菠杂冠能、元菠和尖抗)在不同氮素供应水平(0、5、10、20、30mgN·kg-1土)下氮素利用及硝酸盐累积特点。结果表明,不同基因型品种间产量、全氮含量、吸氮量、硝酸盐含量及硝态氮占植株全氮比例等均存在很大的差异,且这些差异因氮素供应水平的变化而有所不同,表现为品种间上述指标的平均变异程度(CV,%)随氮素供应水平的增加而明显减小,其中品种间硝酸盐含量CV变化幅度最大,由不施氮时的62%锐减为施氮30mgN·kg-1土时的14%。本试验条件下,若仅以硝酸盐含量作评价,元菠为硝酸盐累积程度最低的品种,但若以产量、硝酸盐累积二指标综合评价,则菠杂15应为6品种中最适宜秋冬季生产的品种。6个供试品种硝酸盐含量及硝态氮占全氮的比例均随氮供应水平的增加而显著增加。实际生产中选择降低菠菜硝酸盐措施时应将降低氮肥用量及选择低硝酸盐累积的品种同时加以考虑,二者不可偏废。
Pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of different nitrogen supply levels on 6 different genotypes of spinach (spinach 10, spinach 15, spinach 18, spinach crown energy, (0, 5, 10, 20 and 30 mg N · kg-1 soil) and nitrate accumulation. The results showed that there were great differences in yield, total nitrogen content, nitrogen uptake, nitrate content and nitrate nitrogen in the total nitrogen ratio of different genotypes, and these differences were due to the change of nitrogen supply (CV,%) of the above indexes decreased obviously with the increase of nitrogen supply. Among them, the CV of variation of nitrate content among the varieties was the largest, from 62% Reduced to 14% of N at 30 mg N · kg-1 soil. Under the experimental conditions, if the content of nitrate is only used for evaluation, Yuan-spinach is the species with the lowest accumulation of nitrate, but if the yield and the index of nitrate accumulation are comprehensively evaluated, Winter production of varieties. The contents of nitrate and nitrate nitrogen in all six tested cultivars increased significantly with the increase of nitrogen supply. The actual production of spinach nitrate reduction measures should be taken to reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizer and select low nitrate accumulation species at the same time be considered, both can not be neglected.