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在会话、访谈等言语交际中,除了满足对方信息需求的应答语之外,说话人在很多语境中会主动附加相关话语,意在陈述原因,列举事实,提供具体信息,进行解释,凸现说话人的态度或认识等。该交际行为必然会隐藏说话人的语用动机,比如弥补听话人的信息空缺,实现交际双方对特定信息的对称,这是自我充实这一交际行为的信息功能。另外,说话人附加相关话语也可能在于顺应人际关系或实现人际语用缓和等,这是自我充实这一交际行为的非信息功能。
In conversations such as conversation and interviews, in addition to answering words that satisfy the information needs of each other, the speaker voluntarily attaches relevant discourses in many contexts, is intended to state the causes, list facts, provide specific information, explain them, People’s attitude or understanding. The communicative act will inevitably hide the speaker’s pragmatic motivation, such as making up for the lack of information of the listener and realizing the symmetry of the specific information between the two parties, which is the information function of self-enrichment. In addition, the speaker attached to the relevant discourse may also be to comply with interpersonal relationships or achieve interpersonal pragmatic ease, which is self-enrichment of this communicative act of non-information function.