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为了提高高速公路汽车跟车行驶的安全性,从驾驶员特性、汽车特性、道路特性及交通流特性的角度,以经典的牛顿力学理论为依据,充分考虑制动前驾驶员的反应时间,分别建立了9种状态下的临界安全车距模型、基本安全车距模型和充分安全车距模型。在此基础之上,建立了驾驶员跟车行驶安全度评价模型,并利用驾驶模拟系统,对追尾预警模型及驾驶员跟车行驶安全性评价模型应用于仿真平台的有效性进行了验证。驾驶模拟实验结果表明,预警模型有效、可靠,可用于驾驶员跟车安全性检验,为提高驾驶员高速跟车行驶的安全性及速度控制提供了理论依据。
In order to improve the safety of car driving on expressway, the driver’s characteristics, vehicle characteristics, road characteristics and traffic flow characteristics are taken as the basis and the reaction time of the driver before braking is fully considered based on classic Newton mechanics theory The critical safety car distance model, the basic safety car distance model and the full safety car distance model under 9 states were established. On this basis, the driving safety evaluation model of the driver following the car is established, and the validity of the simulation model of the rear-end collision warning and the driving safety assessment model of the driver is validated by using the driving simulation system. Driving simulation results show that the early-warning model is effective and reliable, which can be used to test the safety of the driver and the car, providing a theoretical basis for improving driver safety and speed control.