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为评价空气隔层的大小和位置对破碎效果的影响,对空气隔层进行了试验室研究和理论研究。研究中发现,破碎程度取决于两个因素。随着空气隔层的加大,破碎程度将比偶合装药下降,但是,在隔层加大到一个临界值之前下降的程度较小。隔层临界值取决于周围物质的强度和结构。对于本文所用的模型材料来说,它的空气隔层临界值为原药柱长度的30％～35％。本文根据压力衰减速度关系式对试验结果进行了理论解释。空气隔层的位置也影响破碎的效果。由于药柱中间的空气隔层受到顶、底部药包产生的冲击波阵面的文互作用和震荡,所以在隔层大小相同、装药量也一样的情况下,药柱中间的空气隔层对岩体的爆破效果比底、顶部空气隔层的要好。
In order to evaluate the effect of the size and position of the air barrier on the crushing effect, laboratory and theoretical studies on the air barrier were carried out. The study found that the degree of fragmentation depends on two factors. As the air barrier increases, the degree of fragmentation will decrease over the coupling charge, however, to a lesser extent before the barrier increases to a critical value. The critical value of the barrier depends on the strength and structure of the surrounding material. For the model materials used in this paper, the critical value of the air barrier is 30% -35% of the length of the original rod. Based on the relationship between pressure decay rate, the experimental results are theoretically explained. The location of the air barrier also affects the crushing effect. As the air column in the middle of the column is affected by the interaction and shock of the shock waves generated by the top and bottom kits, the air spacer in the middle of the column is the same size and the same charge. The blasting effect of rock mass is better than the bottom and top air spacers.