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目的观察孕前及孕期高脂饮食对孕鼠代谢及胎盘血管内皮功能的影响。方法选用SPF级C57BL/6J雌鼠40只随机分为2组,分别根据饲料的不同分为高脂组、对照组,孕前喂养14周后与公鼠合笼,至孕18.5天时处死孕鼠,观察两组体重、空腹血糖、胰岛素、血清血脂、炎症因子及胎盘氧化应激、炎症反应、内皮细胞增殖与凋亡的变化。结果高脂组体重明显增加,空腹血糖(P<0.05)及胰岛素水平升高(P<0.001);血清IL-6、TNF-α升高(P<0.001);且高脂组胎盘丙二醛(MDA)(P<0.001)、缺氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)表达增加;胎盘呈现明显的缺氧状态且伴随NF-KB表达活化增强的炎症反应增强,迷路血管内皮PCNA(增殖)与Bcl-2(抗凋亡)能力减弱。结论肥胖所致的孕期代谢紊乱伴随胎盘缺氧与内皮血管功能变化,揭示了肥胖孕妇较高产科并发症的原因。
Objective To observe the effects of high fat diet before pregnancy and during pregnancy on metabolism and placental endothelial function in pregnant rats. Methods Forty FFP-C57BL / 6J female mice were randomly divided into two groups according to their diets: hyperlipidemia group and control group, which were caged with male mice 14 weeks after pregnancy and pregnant rats were sacrificed at 18.5 days. The changes of body weight, fasting blood glucose, insulin, serum lipids, inflammatory factors and placental oxidative stress, inflammatory reaction, endothelial cell proliferation and apoptosis were observed. Results The body weight of hyperlipidemia group increased significantly (P <0.05) and insulin level (P <0.001), and the levels of serum IL-6 and TNF-α increased (MDA) (P <0.001), the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) increased, the placenta showed obvious hypoxia and the inflammation reaction enhanced with the activation of NF- And Bcl-2 (anti-apoptotic) abate. Conclusion Obesity-induced metabolic disorders during pregnancy are associated with changes in placental hypoxia and endothelial vascular function, revealing the causes of obstetric complications in obese pregnant women.