对飞行特情处置成败原因的探讨一向受到航空心理研究人员的重视,尽管观点多种多样,但人们比较一致的看法是,飞行特情的处置主要受飞行员的飞行技能、飞行经验的影响。然而,近年来的研究表明,在飞机自动化程度越来越高的现代航空运输中,飞行对飞行员技能和经验的依赖性已经大大降低。飞行员的工作不仅仅体现为怎样处理与飞机的关系,而且更多地表现为如何把握与飞行环境的关系。与此形成鲜明对比的是,飞行员的飞行品质对飞行特情处置的影响越来越突出。研究人员注意到,即使置身 The discussion of the reasons for the success or failure of flight adversarial dispositions has always been valued by aviation psychologists. In spite of the wide variety of opinions, it is generally agreed that the handling of flight adversities is mainly influenced by the pilots’ flight skills and flight experience. However, recent studies show that the dependence of pilot on pilot skills and experience has greatly diminished in modern air transport, where aircraft automation is increasing. Pilots’ work not only shows how to deal with the aircraft, but also shows how to grasp the relationship with the flight environment. In stark contrast, the pilot’s flight quality has become more and more prominent on flight-specific disposal. Researchers have noticed that even after exposure