论文部分内容阅读
利用均匀分布于20条染色体的53对SSR标记(每条染色体上2~5对),对190份大豆资源进行遗传差异检测,随后根据标记试验结果进行遗传多样性分析、聚类分析、PCA分析和群体结构分析。53对SSR标记共检测到159个等位变异,每个位点等位基因范围为2~6个,平均每个位点的等位基因为3个,有效等位基因数Nei为1.474 4±0.237 5,多态性信息含量PIC为0.305 0±0.105 6;Shannon-Weaver指数值为0.476 2±0.124 9。这些参数显示了190份大豆资源异质程度不是很高,遗传多样性丰富程度一般,总体遗传多样性处于中等水平。UPGMA聚类分析结果显示190份大豆资源(群体1:P1)被分为3个大类,且四川审定大豆品种与野生大豆资源、国外引进资源亲缘关系较远,随后将四川审定大豆品种31份、国外资源13份和野生大豆资源8份共52份材料(群体2:P2)单独进行聚类分析,52份材料也被分成3个大类。群体1和群体2分别在K=3,K=2时得到合理群体结构。群体1的3个亚群分别是:亚群I由地域来源丰富的78份材料组成,不包含野生大豆资源;亚群II 59份材料中含7份野生大豆资源;亚群III 53份材料只包括1份野生大豆资源zy05292。群体2分成两个亚群:亚群Ⅰ26份材料中含24份四川审定大豆品种和2份国外资源;亚群II包含了6份审定大豆品种。供试的190份大豆资源蕴含了比较丰富的遗传变异,显示了较高水平的基因多样性。群体结构不能严格地按照地域、来源国家的划分而区分,这一现象显示了大豆资源存在着广泛的基因交流。从分析结果来看,四川大豆资源的种质创新可以充分地利用国外引进资源与直立型野生大豆资源,进而丰富四川大豆的基因多样性。
The genetic diversity of 190 soybean cultivars was tested using 53 pairs of SSR markers (2 ~ 5 pairs on each chromosome) uniformly distributed on 20 chromosomes. Genetic diversity analysis, cluster analysis and PCA analysis And group structure analysis. A total of 159 alleles were detected in 53 pairs of SSR markers. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 6. The average number of alleles per locus was 3. The number of effective alleles was 1.474 4 ± 0.237 5, PIC of polymorphic information was 0.305 0 ± 0.105 6; Shannon-Weaver index was 0.476 2 ± 0.124 9. These parameters showed that 190 soybean resources were not highly heterogeneous, with rich genetic diversity and moderate overall genetic diversity. UPGMA cluster analysis showed that 190 soybean resources (population 1: P1) were divided into three categories, and Sichuan examined soybean varieties and wild soybean resources, the introduction of foreign resources distant genetic relationship, and then the validation of Sichuan soybean varieties 31 , 52 foreign materials and 8 wild soybean resources (Group 2: P2) were clustered separately. 52 materials were also divided into three categories. Groups 1 and 2 obtain a reasonable population structure when K = 3 and K = 2, respectively. The three subgroups of Group 1 are: Subgroup I consists of 78 geographically rich sources of material that does not contain wild soybean resources; subgroup II 59 contains 7 parts of wild soybean resources; subgroup III 53 materials Includes 1 wild soybean resource zy05292. Group 2 is divided into two subgroups: Subgroup I26 contains 24 validated soybean varieties and two foreign sources; Subgroup II contains 6 certified soybean varieties. The 190 soybean resources tested contained rich genetic variation and showed a high level of genetic diversity. Group structure can not be strictly in accordance with the geographical area of origin of the division and the distinction between this phenomenon shows the existence of a wide range of soybean gene exchange of genes. From the analysis results, Sichuan germplasm resources innovation can make full use of resources and upright introduction of wild soybean resources, thus enriching Sichuan soybean genetic diversity.