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1958年—1960年我国经济经历了一场史无前例的大震荡。国民经济持续过热膨胀,畸形发展,造成巨大的经济损失。为此,60年代初被迫采取了经济调整政策。由于正确的调整指思导想,得力的调整政策,“大跃进”造成的经济紊乱,很快得到抑制,并迅速使国民经济走上健康发展的道路。今天,我们回顾、研究这段经济史,无疑会得到许多有益的启发。一、“大跃进”造成了经济过热膨胀,经济形势迅速恶化。1.基本建设规模太大,投资严重膨胀。“大跃进”为了实现钢产量连续翻番,基建规模不断扩大。1958—1960年三年间,全部基本建设投资总额达到996亿元,比“一五”五年合计的550亿元还高出81%。基建施工的大中型项目,1960年达到1815个,而整个“一五”时期施工的大中型项目也只有1384个,过大的建设规模。要求不断追加投资,并迫使积累率不断提高,1958年到1960年基建投资分别比上年的增长率为(?)7.7%,30%和11.1%,而同期国民
1958 - 1960 China’s economy experienced an unprecedented big turmoil. The national economy continued to overheat and expand, deformity developed, causing huge economic losses. Therefore, in the early 1960s, they were forced to adopt an economic adjustment policy. Due to the correct readjustment and effective adjustment policies, the economic turmoil caused by the “Great Leap Forward” was quickly suppressed and the national economy was promptly brought to the path of sound development. Today, we recall that studying this economic history will undoubtedly have many beneficial enlightenments. First, the “Great Leap Forward” caused overheating in the economy and rapid deterioration of the economic situation. 1. The scale of capital construction is too large and the investment is seriously inflated. “Great Leap Forward ” In order to continuously double the output of steel, infrastructure has been expanding. In the three years from 1958 to 1960, the total investment in capital construction amounted to 99.6 billion yuan, 81% more than the 55 billion yuan combined for the “five-year” period. Large and medium-sized projects of infrastructure construction reached 1,815 in 1960, while 1,384 large and medium-sized projects were constructed during the entire “15th” period, with an excessively large scale of construction. They demanded that they continue to invest more and forced the rate of accumulation to rise continuously. The growth rates of infrastructure investment from 1958 to 1960 respectively were 7.7%, 30% and 11.1% over the previous year,