托马斯·哈代是横跨两个世纪的作家,他以自己的现实主义创作继承和发扬了维多利亚时代的文学传统,又以独特的创作模式开拓了20世纪的英国文学。在《艾塞尔伯塔之手》的序言中,哈代说,他的小说要早于时代三四十年。哈代思想的前瞻性尤其体现在他对婚姻关系的探讨方面。“他们结婚了,从此他们幸福地生活在一起”是19世纪大众心目中的理想结语。然而对与哈代这些第一批意识到婚姻关系已不再满足时代发展需求并须加以改进的作家来说并不如意。通过分析哈代“性格与环境小说”的主要婚恋情结,可以发现哈代的婚恋观变得越来越具悲观性--从对传统的威塞克斯的美好婚姻生活的赞美到对维多利亚时期婚姻生活的批判。婚姻主题不仅是哈代创作的重心,也是英国社会和政治变迁的见证。笔者认为,哈代婚恋观的转变不仅与其个人经历有关,也与哈代本人所处的时代变革有紧密联系。在某种程度上,艺术就是带着面具的现实。本论文通过研究哈代的生平及其“性格与环境”小说,探寻哈代心目中理想的婚恋构架,有助于哈代创作意识的理解及其作品的解读,有助于通过哈代的思想理论指导当下人们的婚恋观。 Thomas Hardy, a writer spanning two centuries, inherited and carried forward Victorian literary traditions with his own realistic creations. He opened up the 20th century British literature with a unique mode of creation. In the preface to “The Hand of Esselbert,” Hardy said his novel was thirty to forty years before the era. The forward-looking of Hardy’s thought is especially reflected in his discussion of marital relations. “They are married, from where they live happily together ” is the ideal conclusion in the minds of the 19th century. However, it is unpleasant for Harding, the first writers who realized that marriage should no longer meet the development needs of the times and should be improved. By analyzing the major love affair of Hardy’s “Novel of Character and Environment”, we can find that Hardy’s concept of love and marriage is becoming more and more pessimistic. From the compliment of the traditional Wessex’s beautiful marriage life to that of Victorian period Marriage criticism of life. The theme of marriage is not only the focus of Hardy’s writing, but also the testimony of the social and political changes in Britain. The author believes that the change of Hardy’s concept of marriage is not only related to his personal experience, but also closely related to the change of times in which Hardy himself was. To some extent, art is a masked reality. Through the study of Hardy’s life and his “character and environment ” novels, this thesis explores Hardy’s ideal marriage-framing structure, which helps Hardy’s understanding of the creative consciousness and the interpretation of his works, and helps to guide Hardy’s ideological theory The moment people’s love and marriage concept.