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说话文学分为佛教说话和世俗说话,前者注重宗教的宣讲,后者则取材广泛,更具世俗性和趣味性.成书于镰仓时代初期的《宇治拾遗物语》收录广泛,其中的说话篇章关注普通人的世俗情感,言语简单而具有生活气息,是日本中世世俗说话文学的代表作品.本文首先从历史发展的角度描述说话文学的起源,在此基础上对作为说话文学的《宇治拾遗物语》进行综合考察,通过对书中收录的典型说话进行分析,从而总结其特点和艺术价值.本文认为,《宇治拾遗物语》最大的特点在于其高度的世俗化与其展现出来的贴近庶民的世界.
Talking literature is divided into Buddhism and secular speech, the former focus on religious preaching, while the latter is widely drawn, more secular and interesting.Studies in the early Kamakura era “Uji pickings” included in a wide range, Ordinary people’s secular emotions, speech is simple and has the breath of life, is the representative works of Japanese medieval worldly speaking literature.This article first describes the origin of speech literature from the perspective of historical development, on the basis of which, And then summarizes its characteristics and artistic value by analyzing the typical speech collected in the book.This paper argues that the greatest characteristic of “Uji Pickups” lies in its high secularization and its close display to common people’s world.