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背景:缺血性脑卒中发病呈年轻化趋势,因此研究中青年脑卒中的危险因素,进行一级康复预防有着极其重要的临床意义。目的:探讨中青年缺血性脑卒中的危险因素。设计:以诊断为依据的病例-对照分析。单位:一所大学医院的神经内科。对象:脑卒中组100例为1997-07/2000-12中南大学湘雅二医院神经科住院患者,其中青年(<44岁)患者63例,老年前期(45～49岁)患者37例,平均年龄(42.91±6.38)岁。另随机收集同期100例无脑血管病史的外科病患者为对照组,年龄(42.70±2.98)岁,中青年组61例,老年前期组39例。方法:两组进行12项危险因素对照研究,并将中青年和老年前期分别与对照组进行比较。主要观察指标:各组各项危险因素患病率比较。结果:高血压病、高脂血症、心电图异常、脑卒中家族史、眼底动脉硬化、糖尿病、风湿性心脏病是中青年缺血性脑卒中的危险因素。结论:降低血压、血脂水平对预防缺血性卒中发生有极其重要的意义。
Background: The incidence of ischemic stroke is getting younger and younger. Therefore, it is of extremely important clinical significance to study the risk factors of stroke in middle-aged and young people and to prevent and treat first-level rehabilitation. Objective: To explore the risk factors of young and middle-aged ischemic stroke. Design: Case-based diagnosis-control analysis. Unit: Neurology of a university hospital. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 100 stroke patients were enrolled in the Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from July 1997 to December 2000. Among them, 63 were young (<44 years old) and 37 were elderly (45-49 years old) Age (42.91 ± 6.38) years old. In addition, 100 surgical patients with no history of cerebrovascular disease during the same period were randomly selected as the control group, with a mean age of (42.70 ± 2.98) years, 61 cases of middle-aged and young patients and 39 cases of pre-senile patients. Methods: Two groups of 12 risk factors control study, and the young and old were compared with the control group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The prevalence of various risk factors in each group was compared. Results: Hypertension, hyperlipidemia, ECG abnormalities, family history of stroke, retinal atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus and rheumatic heart disease were risk factors for middle-aged and young-onset ischemic stroke. Conclusion: Reducing blood pressure and blood lipid levels are extremely important in preventing the occurrence of ischemic stroke.