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为探讨珍稀树种蒜头果(Malania oleifera)果实与种子的基本性状及其在石漠化山区的适应性,测定了其果实与种子的外部形态、个体质量、果实出种率和种子出仁率等,并在桂西南石漠化山区选择4种立地类型(裸地、草丛、灌丛和疏林)开展直播造林试验。结果表明:蒜头果果实和种子的鲜重、高度、宽度和出种率或出仁率的平均值分别为(21.30±4.25)g和(9.35±1.68)g、(39.31±2.77)mm和(26.12±1.80)mm、(35.19±2.25)mm和(28.61±1.55)mm及44.21%±3.21%和70.43%±4.25%,种子鲜重与果实鲜重、种子出仁率与种子鲜重存在一定程度的正相关;在4种立地类型中,种子萌发率为灌丛>疏林>草丛>裸地,2年生幼苗的存活率为疏林>灌丛>草丛>裸地,株高总生长量为疏林>灌丛>草丛>裸地,基径总生长量为疏林>灌丛>草丛>裸地。根据试验结果,在桂西南石漠化山区,蒜头果在灌丛和疏林适应性较好而可以直播造林,但在草丛和裸地适应性较差而不宜直播造林。
In order to study the basic characters of rare and species Malania oleifera fruits and seeds and its adaptability in the rocky desertification area, the external morphology, individual quality, fruit seed rate and seed kernel rate of fruit and seed were determined , And 4 sites types (bare land, grassland, shrub and sparse forest) were chosen to carry out direct seeding afforestation experiments in the rock desertification area of southwestern Guangxi. The results showed that the average fresh weight, height, width, and seed rate or kernel rate of garlic fruits and seeds were (21.30 ± 4.25) g and (9.35 ± 1.68) g and (39.31 ± 2.77) mm and The fresh weight of seeds and the fresh weight of fruit, the seed kernel rate and the seed weight of fresh seeds were both higher than those of fresh seeds (26.12 ± 1.80) mm, (35.19 ± 2.25) mm and (28.61 ± 1.55) mm and 44.21% ± 3.21% and 70.43% ± 4.25% The seed germination rate of four kinds of site types was shrub> sparse forest> grass> bare land, and the survival rate of two-year-old seedlings was sparse forest> shrub> grass> bare land, and the total growth of plant height As sparse forest> shrub> grass> bare land, the total growth of base diameter was sparse forest> shrub> grass> bare land. According to the test results, in the mountainous rocky desertification area of southwestern Guangxi, garlic scruffs are better adaptable in shrubs and sparse forests and can be afforested by direct seeding. However, they are not suitable for direct afforestation in grassland and bare land.