本调查表明,上海郊县经过努力,流失生、辍学生(与留级生一起简称“三类生”)已得到控制,但留级生的问题仍比较严重,造成了较大的教育浪费。因此,上海地区贯彻九年制义务教育法的注意力,应从减少流失生、辍学生转到减少留级生上来。在控制留级生的问题上,有一个问题值得注意:一些县、乡,把每年留级生率不得高于全体学生的5%的限制,变成允许学生留级的指标,其逐年叠加的结果是,许多班级留过级的学生比例大大超过5%。上海郊县学前教育水平甚低,学生缺乏入学前的必要准备,再加上教师教学业务水平不高等种种原因,使小学一年级学生的留级率在5%的限制线上据高不下。解决“三类生”问题需要全社会共同努力。当前,农村智力低常男女青年婚配后生育的低常儿童,已成为小学留级生的一个重要生源。如此恶性循环下去,光靠教育系统是鞭长莫及的。 This survey shows that after efforts in Shanghai’s suburbs and counties, the number of students who have lost their jobs and been dropped out (together with repeaters) has been brought under control. However, the problems with repeaters are still serious, resulting in greater waste of education. Therefore, in order to implement the nine-year compulsory education law in Shanghai, attention should be given to reducing drop-outs and dropping out students to reducing repeaters. One issue that should be noticed in the control of repeaters is that some counties and townships should set an annual repeater rate no higher than the 5% limit of all students to an index that allows them to retain their grades. As a result, The percentage of students leaving many classes is well over 5%. The low pre-school level in suburbs and suburban areas in Shanghai, the lack of necessary preparation before enrollment in schools, and the low level of teacher teaching led to a high level of repeatability of 5% for first-year primary school students. To solve the “three types of students” issues requires the joint efforts of the whole society. At present, low birth weight children and young men and women in rural areas have become an important source of primary school repeaters. With such a vicious cycle, it is impossible to rely solely on the education system.