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目的了解山东地区急性呼吸道疾病中肺炎支原体(MP)的感染情况。方法采用整体抽样的方法收集2014年12月-2017年3月来山东省立医院就诊的1 207例急性呼吸道感染的患者,用PCR方法进行咽拭子肺炎支原体核酸检测。并对不同年龄、性别、季节的患者肺炎支原体感染情况进行分析。结果 1 207例急性呼吸道感染患者中,肺炎支原体阳性数为233例,总阳性率为19.30%,女性阳性率为21.00%,男性阳性率为18.40%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.188,P>0.05);7岁~9岁感染率最高,阳性率为46.15%,其次为4岁~6岁,阳性率为35.52%,≥16岁者肺炎支原体的阳性率最低,为6.67%;秋季感染率最高(36.79%),其次为冬季(22.31%)、夏季(17.36%)、春季(11.58%)。结论肺炎支原体的感染率无性别差异;各年龄段均可感染,但以儿童为主;全年均可发病,以秋季感染率最高,春季感染率最低。
Objective To understand the infection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) in acute respiratory diseases in Shandong Province. Methods One hundred and thirteen patients with acute respiratory tract infection who were treated in Shandong Provincial Hospital from December 2014 to March 2017 were collected by holistic sampling method. PCR was used to detect throat swab mycoplasma nucleic acid. Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in different age, gender and season were analyzed. Results The positive number of Mycoplasma pneumoniae was 233 in 207 cases of acute respiratory infections, the positive rate was 19.30%, the positive rate was 21.00% in women and 18.40% in males (χ2 = 1.188, P > 0.05). The infection rate was the highest between the ages of 7 and 9 (46.15%), followed by the age of 4 to 6 years (35.52%). The positive rate of Mycoplasma pneumoniae was 6.67% The highest rate was 36.79%, followed by winter (22.31%), summer (17.36%) and spring (11.58%). Conclusions The infection rate of Mycoplasma pneumoniae has no gender difference. It can be infected in all age groups, but it is mainly in children. The incidence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae is the highest in autumn and the lowest in spring.