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中国民主革命的先行者孙中山在寻求拯救民族、建立“至完美”共和国的良方中,注重考察欧美各国法律在治国中的作用,特别是立国根本大法——宪法的作用。他把欧美资产阶级三权分立的宪政原则与东方古代政治制度中某些优良传统结合起来,创立了具有东方特色的民主宪政理论——“五权宪法”思想,把它作为推翻清朝专制统治后创建共和国的至善方略,领导着资产阶级革命派为之奋斗不息。在倡导法制的今天,追忆先哲这一思想精华,尤有教益。一、五权宪法思想的形成五权宪法思想是孙中山在批判继承欧美资产阶级三权分立原则的基础上,吸取中国古代政治制度的优点融合而成的。
Sun Yat-sen, the forerunner of the Chinese democratic revolution, focuses on examining the role of the laws of Europe and the United States in governing the country, in particular the founding of the nation, the role of the constitution in seeking remedies for the nation and establishing a “perfect” republic. He combined the constitutional principle of the separation of the three powers of the European and American bourgeoisie with some fine traditions in the ancient oriental political system and established the democratic constitutionalism theory with oriental characteristics - the constitution of the “Five Powers” as the overthrow of the autocratic rule of the Qing Dynasty Create a flamboyant strategy for the republic and lead the bourgeois revolutionaries in their struggle. In advocating the legal system today, recalling the essence of the thought philosophy, especially the teaching. I. The Formation of the Five-Power Constitutional Thought The Five-Power Constitutional Thought is a fusion of the advantages of Sun Yat-sen in drawing lessons from the ancient Chinese political system on the basis of criticizing the principle of the succession of the separation of powers between the European and American bourgeoisie.