氨基贰类药物中毒性听力损失的家族聚集性表明在某些家族中存在着耳蜗对此类药物的易感性。有报告指出这易感性只能通过女性遗传。最近的基因研究发现，这样的遗传易感性是由线粒体基因突变（线粒体125核糖体RNA基因的A1555G）所致。这种易感性已见于以色列、中国、日本和蒙古 Familial aggregation of toxic aminoacid hearing loss suggests that in some families there is a susceptibility of the cochlea to such drugs. There are reports that this susceptibility can only be inherited by women. Recent genetic studies have found that such genetic predisposition is caused by a mitochondrial gene mutation (mitochondrial 125 ribosomal RNA gene A1555G). This susceptibility has been seen in Israel, China, Japan and Mongolia