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本文考察二战末至今语言政策与规划作为一个研究领域的发展情况。根据对语言政策与规划的文献分析,有三种因素推动了该领域的形成,包括宏观社会政治、认识论以及策略因素。这些因素分别或共同影响语言政策与规划的问题设定、方法论及研究目标。语言政策与规划研究可分成三个历史时期:(1)去殖民化、结构主义与实用主义时期;(2)现代化失败、批判社会语言学与语言接触时期;(3)新世界秩序、后现代主义与语言人权时期。本文结论部分讨论当今研究趋势以及未来需深入考察的方面。
This article examines the development of language policy and planning as a research area since the end of World War II. Based on a literature review of language policy and planning, three factors have contributed to the formation of this area, including macro-socio-political, epistemological, and strategic factors. These factors affect, individually or jointly, problem setting, methodology and research objectives of language policy and planning. The study of language policy and planning can be divided into three historical periods: (1) decolonization, structuralism and pragmatism; (2) the failure of modernization, the critical period of sociolinguistics and language contact; (3) the new world order and postmodernity Doctrine and Language Human Rights Period. The conclusion of this article discusses the current research trends as well as the future aspects to be investigated in depth.