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研究了四川乐山市沙湾区德胜钢铁公司附近的马尾松林、香樟林这两种森林生态系统的大气降水、穿透雨和树干径流以及土壤渗透水的污染物离子浓度并和裸地相对比,以期了解这3种生态系统对酸沉降的过滤作用。研究结果如下:①大气降水的SO42-、NO3-、Cl-和F-浓度分别为30.36 mg/L,3.56 mg/L,1.41 mg/L,0.75 mg/L,表明SO2是该区的最主要酸性污染物质。②马尾松、香樟林群落的穿透雨和树干径流中污染物质含量显著高于大气降水,表明森林对大气污染物具有显著的截留作用。马尾松林的穿透雨和树干径流的污染物离子的总量高于香樟林,表明马尾松林对酸性污染物质的截留作用高于香樟林。③两种林型的土壤渗滤水的污染物质含量比起树干径流有比较明显下降,这表明土壤对酸性污染物具有明显的截持和吸附作用。④对输入和输出不同生态系统的污染物各离子含量比较,并与裸地相对照发现,森林生态系统均对污染物起到了明显的拦截和积蓄作用。综上,森林生态系统对酸沉降具有明显的过滤作用。
This paper studied the effects of atmospheric precipitation, penetration rain and trunk runoff and pollutant ion concentration in soil infiltration water of Pinus massoniana forest and camphor forest near Shanshan district Deshan Steel Company in Leshan City, Sichuan Province, Than in order to understand the three kinds of ecosystems on the role of acid precipitation. The results are as follows: ①The concentrations of SO42-, NO3-, Cl- and F- in the precipitation are respectively 30.36 mg / L, 3.56 mg / L, 1.41 mg / L and 0.75 mg / L, indicating that SO2 is the most important Acidic pollutants. The mass percentages of pollutants in the mass-flowering and trunk runoff of Pinus massoniana and Pinus camphor were significantly higher than those of the precipitation, indicating that the forest had significant interception of atmospheric pollutants. Pinus massoniana forest penetration and trunk runoff pollutants ions total amount higher than camphor, indicating that the Masson pine forest interception of acidic pollutants than camphor forest. (3) The contents of pollutants in soil percolation water of the two forest types obviously decreased compared with the runoff of the trunk, which indicated that the soil had obvious interception and adsorption on acid pollutants. (4) Comparison of ion content of pollutants input and output in different ecosystems and comparison with bare land showed that forest ecosystem played a significant role in interception and accumulation of pollutants. In conclusion, forest ecosystems have a significant filtration effect on acid deposition.