目的：研究民间药滇白珠（Ｇａｕｌｔｈｅｒｉａｙｕｎｎａｎｅｎｓｉｓ（Ｆｒａｎｃｈ．）Ｒｅｈｄ．）的化学成分。方法：用９５％乙醇提取，硅胶柱色谱和聚酰胺柱色谱分离纯化，通过各种光谱分析鉴定其结构。结果：从正丁醇萃取物中分离鉴定了４个木脂素苷类化合物。其结构分别鉴定为（－）ｉｓｏｌａｒｉｃｉｒｅｓｉｎｏｌ２ａＯβＤｘｙｌｏｐｙｒａｎｏｓｉｄｅ（Ｄ１），（＋）ｌｙｏｎｉｒｅｓｉｎｏｌ２ａＯβＬａｒａｂｉｎｏｐｙｒａｎｏｓｉｄｅ（Ｄ２），（－）５′ｍｅｔｈｏｘｙｉｓｏｌａｒｉｃｉｒｅｓｉｎｏｌ２ａＯβＤｘｙｌｏｐｙｒａｎｏｓｉｄｅ（Ｄ３）和（＋）ｌｙｏｎｉｒｅｓｉｎｏｌ２ａＯβＤｇｌｕｃｏｐｙｒａｎｏｓｉｄｅ（Ｄ４）。结论：化合物Ｄ２为一新化合物，命名为滇白珠苷Ａ（ＧａｕｌｔｈｅｒｏｓｉｄｅＡ），Ｄ１，Ｄ３，Ｄ４为首次从杜鹃花科植物中分得 Objective: To study the chemical constituents of Gaultheria yunnanensis (Franch.) Rehd. Methods: Extraction with 95% ethanol, silica gel column chromatography and polyamide column chromatography, its structure was identified by various spectral analysis. Results: Four lignan glycoside compounds were isolated and identified from n-butanol extract. The structures were identified as (-)-isolariciresinol-2a-O-β-D-xylopyranoside (D1), (+)-lyoniresinol-2a-O-β-L-arabinopyranoside (D2), (-)-5′- methoxyisolariciresinol2aOβDxylopyranoside (D3) and (+)lyoniresinol2aOβDglucopyranoside (D4). CONCLUSION: Compound D2 is a new compound named Gaultheroside A. D1, D3, and D4 were isolated from the plant of the azalea family for the first time.