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为实现高温气冷堆球形燃料元件先车削后炭化和高温纯化等热处理的工艺,必须对热处理过程中元件的尺寸和质量等参数的变化及其影响因素进行研究。研究表明,炭化过程中基体石墨球毛坯的平均失重约占热处理过程中毛坯总失重的99.7%,毛坯沿赤道和两极方向的平均尺寸收缩率分别约为0.64%和0.88%,呈现一定的各向异性;而高温纯化过程中,毛坯的微量失重主要是由于位于热解炭与边缘的氢原子发生断裂所致,其沿赤道和两极方向的尺寸收缩率分别为0.24%和0.25%,为各向同性,主要与高温下热解炭结构中石墨的有序化有关。热解炭石墨有序化程序的提高有利于提高球形燃料元件的综合性能。
In order to realize the process of heat treatment such as carbonization and high temperature purification of the fuel element after turning, the change of the dimensions and the quality of the elements in the heat treatment process and the influencing factors must be studied. The results show that the average weight loss of matrix graphite ball during carbonization accounts for about 99.7% of the total mass loss during the heat treatment, and the average size shrinkage along the equator and dipoles is about 0.64% and 0.88% respectively. In the process of high temperature purification, the trace weight loss of the blank is mainly caused by the rupture of the hydrogen atoms located on the edge of the pyrolytic carbon and the edge, and the shrinkage rates along the equator and dipoles are respectively 0.24% and 0.25% Same sex, mainly related to the ordering of graphite in the pyrolytic carbon structure at high temperatures. The improvement of pyrolytic carbon graphite ordering process helps to improve the overall performance of spherical fuel elements.