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为探讨移栽时期对食用型甘薯产量及品质形成的影响,以食用型甘薯品种烟薯25号为试验材料,于2015-2016年在青岛农业大学农业示范园布置田间试验,研究不同移栽时期对甘薯生长发育、产量形成、外观及营养品质的影响。结果表明,随移栽时期提前,甘薯移栽后50d内的生长发育速度降低,与最后一个移栽时期相比,提前移栽甘薯的最长蔓长、地上部鲜重和地下部鲜重分别减少了7.1%~44.9%、10.4%~68.4%、21.1%~101.8%,处理间差异显著;收获期甘薯产量增加,单株结薯数、平均薯块重和大薯块所占比率增加,不同处理差异显著;随移栽时期提前,收获期烟薯25号薯块表皮条筋发生率增加,外观品质下降,按时间先后,4个移栽时期烟薯25号薯块条筋发生率分别为41.40%、27.41%、22.47%和15.43%,差异显著;提前移栽可提高收获期甘薯淀粉含量,可溶性糖(组分)含量降低,胡萝卜素含量的变化不显著。生产中可结合当地气候与土壤条件,选择适宜的移栽时期来提高商品薯率、外观品质及营养品质,实现甘薯种植效益的最大化。
In order to explore the effect of transplanting time on the yield and quality of edible sweet potato, a field experiment was conducted in the Agricultural Demonstration Park of Qingdao Agricultural University from 2015 to 2016 to study the effects of different transplanting time Effects of sweet potato growth, yield formation, appearance and nutritional quality. The results showed that with the advance of the transplanting period, the growth and development speed within 50 days after transplanting of sweet potato decreased. Compared with the last transplanting period, the longest vine length, fresh weight of fresh shoots and ground fresh weight Decreased by 7.1% -44.9%, 10.4% -68.4% and 21.1% -101.8%, respectively. There was significant difference among treatments. During the harvest, sweet potato yield increased, tuber number per plant, average tuber weight and potato tuber proportion increased, The difference of different treatment was significant. With the advance of transplanting period, the incidence of epidermal bar of yam-tuber 25 tuber was increased at the harvesting stage and the appearance quality was decreased. According to the time, the incidence of tuber- Which was significantly different from that of the control (41.40%, 27.41%, 22.47% and 15.43% respectively). Transplanting ahead of time could increase the starch content of sweet potato at harvest, the content of soluble sugar (component) decreased and the content of carotenoids did not change significantly. The production can be combined with the local climate and soil conditions, select the appropriate time to improve the transplanting of potato products, the appearance of quality and nutritional quality, to maximize the efficiency of sweet potato planting.