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应用定期测定NOD小鼠的体重、血糖,统计繁殖特性,绘制生长曲线图,检测遗传位点,镜检病理学特征等方法,对NOD小鼠的遗传学特性和部分生物学特性进行了研究。结果显示:4～32周龄 、 小鼠有明显统计学差异（P<0.01）。非糖尿病小鼠的受孕率为86.7％,而糖尿病小鼠的受孕率仅为53.3％,两组也差异显著（P<0.05）。小鼠发病后体重随周龄的增长而急剧下降,至死亡时平均体重仅为发病前的60％。NOD（14 ）小鼠从发病到死亡的平均存活时间为22d。NOD小鼠只有在所有胰岛完全或近乎完全破坏时才发生糖尿病,若仍存有少量未萎缩的胰岛,其血糖水平维持于正常范围内。NOD小鼠在所检测的生化标志基固位点上,等位基因全部为纯合子,基因型一致,因某些位点不同程度地参与糖的代谢过程,可能导致糖尿病的发生。
The genetic characteristics and some biological characteristics of NOD mice were studied by measuring the body weight, blood glucose, statistical reproductive characteristics, growth curve, genetic location and pathological features of NOD mice. The results showed that: 4 to 32 weeks of age, the mice were significantly different (P <0.01). The pregnancy rate of non-diabetic mice was 86.7%, while that of diabetic mice was only 53.3%. There was also significant difference between the two groups (P <0.05). After the onset of the mouse body weight decreased sharply with the growth of the age, the average body weight at death was only 60% of the pre-onset. The mean survival time from onset to death for NOD (14) mice was 22 days. NOD mice develop diabetes only when all of the islets are completely or nearly completely destroyed, and if there is still a small amount of non-atrophied islets, their blood glucose level remains within the normal range. In NOD mice, all the alleles were homozygous at the tested biochemical markers, and the genotypes were the same. Some sites might participate in the metabolism of sugar to some extent, which may lead to the development of diabetes.