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现阶段直升机起落架主要采用轮式起落架和滑撬式起落架,由于机动性和灵活性较差,导致直升机起降时对地面的平整度及坡角要求较高,在遇到某些特殊地形如乱石滩、斜坡坡度较大地带可能面临无法正常起降这一困难。本文受某些仿生无人机起落架设计启发,提出了一种新型直升机起落架的设计方法,此种起落架采用三立柱支撑结构,主体是三个位于机身底部的液压伸缩支撑杆,在直升机降落时杆端的传感器与主控配合来动态控制支撑杆的伸缩长度。此种起落架通过控制每根液压杆伸缩不同的长度来适应不同环境下的崎岖地形,使直升机在乱石滩及大坡度地面起降成为可能。经过设计举例及受力分析,得出本设计方法在工程上是可以实现的,并且在直升机抗震性能的提升方面也有一定作用。
Helicopter landing gear at this stage are mainly used wheel and skid gear, due to poor maneuverability and flexibility, resulting in helicopter takeoff and landings on the ground when the flatness and slope angle is higher, in the face of some special Terrain such as rocky beach, the slope slope larger areas may face the difficulty of taking off and landing. Inspired by the design of some bionic drone landing gear, a new design method of helicopter landing gear is proposed in this paper. This kind of landing gear has three columns supporting structure, and the main body is three hydraulic telescopic support rods located at the bottom of the fuselage. When the helicopter landed, the sensor at the rod end cooperated with the master to dynamically control the telescopic length of the support rod. Such landing gear by controlling each hydraulic rod telescopic different lengths to adapt to different terrain rugged terrain, so that helicopters in the rock beach and a large gradient ground taking off and landing possible. After design example and force analysis, it is concluded that this design method can be realized in engineering, and it also plays a certain role in improving the aseismic performance of helicopters.