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一、最近的流行病学资料:近十年来,流行病学的调查使人们注意到口服雌孕激素避孕药对生育年龄妇女(15～49岁)能引起心血管病变。因此口服避孕药(OC)的推广普遍减慢,尤其是在美国。最近,在更广泛和更长期的流行病学研究基础上,对避孕药的不利作用有了更明确的认识。由血管因素引起的死亡率和发病率,不论是静脉方面(血栓静脉炎、肺血栓栓塞)或动脉方面(心肌梗死、脑血管意外、高血压),在服药组都高于对照组。但须指出:
First, the recent epidemiological data: The past decade, the epidemiological survey led to noticed that oral estrogen and progestogen birth control pills in women of reproductive age (15 to 49 years old) can cause cardiovascular disease. Therefore, the promotion of oral contraceptives (OC) generally slow down, especially in the United States. More recently, the adverse effects of contraceptives have become clearer on the basis of broader and longer-term epidemiological studies. Mortality and morbidity due to vascular factors, both venous (thrombophlebitis, pulmonary thromboembolism) or arteries (myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accident, hypertension), were higher in the medication group than in the control group. However, it must be pointed out: