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二十年来虽说食管癌临床有很大进展,但远期疗效还很差。1963年开始试行治疗食管癌。1965年成立了食管疾病研究会,起草了“食管癌处理常规”,统一病例记载和报告标准。1976年开始全国注册,这对食管癌领域的进展有重要作用。目前日本食管癌临床及研究均已处于世界领先地位。一、手术效果的变迁因食管癌病人多为高龄、营养差、合并其他疾病,手术侵袭大等,所以常有手术安全性问题。1963年胸部食管癌手术死亡率大多在10～20%,近来,经过努力,其死亡率降为0～5%,接近全胃切除的死亡率。而且,对70岁以上高龄有心、肺、肾等并发病
Although there has been a lot of progress in esophageal cancer in the past 20 years, the long-term efficacy is still poor. In 1963, trials to treat esophageal cancer began. The Institute for Esophageal Diseases was established in 1965. It drafted the “Regulation of Esophageal Cancer Treatment” and unified the standard of case records and reports. National registration began in 1976, which has an important role in the progress of esophageal cancer. At present, the clinical and research status of esophageal cancer in Japan has become a world leader. First, the effect of surgical changes due to esophageal cancer patients are mostly older, poor nutrition, combined with other diseases, surgical invasion, etc., so often have surgical safety problems. In 1963, the mortality rate of thoracic esophageal cancer was mostly 10 to 20%. In recent years, the mortality rate has been reduced to 0 to 5%, which is close to the mortality rate of total gastrectomy. In addition, there is heart disease, lungs, kidneys, etc. in older people over 70 years of age.