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运输部门动力消耗主要用于克服摩擦,维修费用的主要部分也是用于修理摩擦所造成的磨损.因此,研究降低摩擦,对铁路运输经济有很大好处. 目前降低摩擦的主要手段就是润滑.我国解放初期,很多机车(火车头)动轴用硬干油(硬润滑脂)润滑,后来才逐渐改为液体油润滑.同一型机车,液体油比硬干油的阻力减少81%,60公里/小时的机车阻力可下降25%.我国铁路每年约需2,000万吨煤
The power consumption of the transport sector is mainly used to overcome the friction, the main part of the maintenance costs are also used to repair the wear and tear caused by friction .Therefore, the study to reduce friction, the railway transport economy has great benefits.Currently the main means of reducing friction is lubrication.Our country In the early period of liberation, many locomotives (locomotives) were lubricated with hard oil (hard grease) and then gradually changed to liquid oil lubricated.With the same locomotive, the resistance of liquid oil to hard oil was reduced by 81% and 60 km / h Of the locomotive resistance can be reduced by 25%. China’s railway needs about 20 million tons of coal each year