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在岩层中开掘大型洞库时,就最经济的可能方法中,巷道掘进不是最主要的。而对于采矿或建筑来说,巷道掘进是经常性的作业,它的主要日的是使精心完成的采掘设计付之实施。分析研究表明,对钻眼作业进行精确设计,将大大降低生产成本,改善掘进巷道的质量。对于设计的掘进巷道,将巷道平面图上的数据和坐标标设到钻进场地是完全可能的,并且还能够控制钻进过程,使之按设计进行。掘进时最主要的误差来源是标定钻进孔位的差错。发生钻进偏差的常见原因是:标设点位错误;钻头或钻机定向错误;控制不完善。为使钻孔的钻进方向正确,现在已有最新的技术工艺,并已应用于先进的钻机中。矿山测量员只需在工作现场作一些基本计算即可。将钻机运装到掘进场地之后,机载计算机完全按照设计参数自动控制钻凿工作。对于这一过程的准确描述,可用术语CAD,即计算机辅助钻凿。作
When digging large caverns in rock formations, roadway driving is not the most important in the most economical possible way. For mining or construction, roadway excavation is a regular operation, and its main purpose is to allow meticulous mining design to be implemented. Analysis shows that the precise design of drilling operations will greatly reduce production costs and improve roadway quality. For a designed roadway, it is entirely possible to map the data and coordinates of the roadway plan to the site of entry and to control the drilling process as designed. The main source of error in heading is the error in calibrating the hole to be drilled. Common causes of drilling deviation occurs: the standard set point error; drill or rig orientation error; imperfect control. To make the drilling direction correct, now the latest technology and technology, and has been applied to advanced drilling rig. Mine surveyors only need to make some basic calculations at the job site. After rigging the rig to the site of excavation, the onboard computer automatically controls the drilling operation in full accordance with the design parameters. For an accurate description of this process, the term CAD can be used, that is, computer aided drilling. Make