中国哲学很早便对“和”与“同”作了区分 ,其中的主导观念则是“和而不同”。“和”既涉及存在的本然形态 ,并相应地具有本体论的意义 ;又展开为价值观上的应然。作为本体论的规定 ,“和”以多样性的统一或有差别的统一为内容 ,它所确认的 ,是存在的具体性 ;作为人道领域的价值原则 ,“和”既以扬弃存在的片面性、回归具体的存在为指向 ,又通过对差异、多样性等的尊重和宽容 ,为社会与个体的整合提供了某种担保 Chinese philosophy has long ago made a distinction between “and” and “the same”, of which the dominant concept is “harmony and difference.” “And” involves not only the natural form of existence, but also the ontological meaning and the unfolding of values. As the stipulation of ontology, “harmony” takes the unity or diversity of diversity as the content, and what it affirms is the concreteness of existence; as the principle of value in the humanitarian field, “peace” not only abandons the one-sidedness of existence, Returning to a concrete existence as a point, and through the respect and tolerance of differences and diversity, provide some kind of guarantee for the integration of the society and the individual