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目的了解我国居民卫生服务利用的地区差异,为制定提高卫生服务利用水平的卫生政策提供决策依据。方法对《2008年中国卫生服务调查研究》中卫生服务利用的4项指标数据采用差异指数、地理分布图这两种方法,分析比较全国不同地区的卫生服务利用情况。结果未就诊率在全国各区域间的分布最不均衡,差异指数为0.225。四项指标在西南内部的不均衡性最高,两周就诊率、未就诊率、年住院率、应住院未住院率的差异指数分别为0.266、0.289、0.214、0.329。地理分布图与统计数据一致表明,两周就诊率较高的聚集在西南(18.87%)、中南沿海(17.80%)、华东(14.37%)及华北(14.23%);未就诊率较高的有东北(10.94%)、华北(8.28%);大多数地区的年住院率相近;应住院未住院率较高的是东北(33.16%)。结论我国居民卫生服务利用存在着地区分布不均衡,应加强卫生资源的合理配置,以提高卫生服务公平利用的程度。
Objective To understand the regional differences in the utilization of health services by residents in China and provide the basis for decision-making on the development of health policies to improve the utilization of health services. Methods The four indexes of health service utilization in the “2008 China Health Service Survey and Research” were analyzed by means of difference index and geographical distribution, to analyze and compare the utilization of health services in different regions of China. Results Out-of-attendance rates were the most uneven in all regions of the country with a difference index of 0.225. The four indicators have the highest imbalance in Southwest China. The difference index of two-week visiting rate, non-visiting rate, annual hospitalization rate and hospitalization uninvited rate are 0.266,0.289,0.214,0.329 respectively. The geographical distribution and statistical data show that the two-week visiting rate is high in Southwest China (18.87%), South China Sea (17.80%), East China (14.37%) and North China (14.23%); Northeast China (10.94%) and North China (8.28%). In most areas, the annualized hospitalization rates were similar; the unreasonable rate of hospitalization in the northeast was 33.16%. Conclusions There are imbalances in the distribution of health services among residents in our country, and the rational allocation of health resources should be strengthened to improve the fair use of health services.