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目的了解重症监护病房住院患者医院感染病原菌分布特点,为感染预防与控制提供依据。方法采用病原学标本检测和鉴定方法,对某医院重症监护病房2010-2012年住院患者送检的病原学标本进行了检测与分析。结果共分离出病原菌1 993株,其中革兰阴性菌占49.02%,真菌占27.75%,革兰阳性菌占23.23%。鲍曼不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和白色念珠菌均为优势菌群。铜绿假单胞菌和金黄色葡萄球菌分离率逐年增高。结论该医院重症监护病房患者医院感染病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,但真菌分离率较高,应加强目标监测和综合防控方法。
Objective To understand the distribution characteristics of nosocomial pathogenic bacteria in hospitalized patients in intensive care unit and provide basis for prevention and control of infection. Methods The etiological specimens of inpatients in a hospital intensive care unit from 2010 to 2012 were tested and analyzed by etiological detection and identification methods. Results A total of 1 993 pathogens were isolated, of which, Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 49.02%, fungi accounted for 27.75% and Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 23.23%. Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans are dominant bacteria. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus separation rate increased year by year. Conclusion The hospital-acquired pathogens in intensive care unit of the hospital are mainly Gram-negative bacteria, but their fungal isolation rate is relatively high. Therefore, target monitoring and comprehensive prevention and control measures should be strengthened.