便秘是一个症状。患者可能认为粪便过硬、过少,排便费力、不尽或次数少为便秘,甚至把下腹胀满或绞痛亦视为便秘。为明确便秘的概念,Painter认为不能每日不费力地排一次软便为便秘。但排他习惯个体差异颇大,正常人可多自1～2次/日,少至1次/2～3日,而Drossman认为排使过程25%的时间内用力不算便秘。故便秘的诊断应主要依据排便习惯的改变和排便困难的程度而定。正常的排便机制是每日3～4次,常在进食后通过胃-结肠反射发生的结 Constipation is a symptom. Patients may think that stool is too strong, too little, stool effort, endless or less constipation, and even the fullness of the abdomen or colic are also considered constipation. To clarify the conception of constipation, Painter did not think it necessary to arrange soft stools as constipation on a daily basis. However, individual differences between idiosyncratic habits quite large, normal people may be more than 1 to 2 times / day, as little as 1/2 to 3 days, and Drossman that discharge process within 25% of the time force is not constipation. Therefore, the diagnosis of constipation should be based mainly on changes in bowel habits and the degree of difficulty in defecation. The normal defecation mechanism is 3 to 4 times daily, often after eating through the stomach - colon reflex knot