《包法利夫人》是法国‘不朽的作家之一’福楼拜(G.Flaubert 1821—1880)所写的一部现实主义作品。小说的故事情节取材于当时轰动鲁昂的一场家庭悲剧。1856年小说一问世就受到了广大读者的关注。福楼拜以其对人物的真实刻画,对社会环境的生动描写和令人信服的情节构思向读者展示了自己的创作才能。《包法利夫人》所反映的社会现实震憾了他那个时代的读者。有人斥责他描绘了通奸女子的风流韵事,有伤风化。也有人推崇他恪守现实的完善的创作技巧。尽管当时人们对小说和作家的评论众说纷纭,但后世越来越多的评论家则指出,《包法利夫人》是法国的第一部现实主义小说。福楼拜也被尊为法国‘现代小说的始祖’。包法利夫人(爱玛)原本是法国乡村中一个容貌秀丽的农家姑娘。她在修道院中受到过良好的教育,读过不少的浪漫小说,因而脑子里充满了对浪漫生活的向往。在包法利医生替地父亲看病时与包法利相识。包法利医生被她的美貌所诱惑,与她多有来往。后来医生的妻子病故,爱玛便成了包法利的夫人。但是,包法利医生不是爱玛想象中的多情浪漫的男子。爱玛很快就对婚后平淡的生活感到厌烦。为了追求小说中的浪漫生活,爱玛先后与利昂和罗道尔夫相识,并委身他们,还自以为找到了浪漫小说中的爱情生活。爱玛背着自己的丈夫,挥霍无度,想以此来维系与情人的放荡生活。她终于债台高筑,无力偿还。她四处求援,可是此时就连与地通奸的情夫也不再理她。最后她倾家荡产,身败名裂,只好服毒自杀。包法利医生在妻子死后清理她的遗物时,发现了她与情人之间来往的大量情书后,才明白真象。妻子不忠又留下巨额债务,他在这双重打击下很快也就魂归故里了。身后只留下十二法朗抚养孤女。福楼拜没有在小说的结尾让爱玛逃脱她自己营造的悲剧结局。他希望向读者展示现实生活中的真实状况,并以此震憾读者的心灵。 “Madame Bovary” is a realistic work by G.Flaubert 1821-1880, one of France’s immortal writers. The story of the novel is based on a family tragedy that hit Rouen at the time. As soon as the novel of 1856 came out, it attracted the attention of readers. Flaubert has shown his readers creative ability with his vivid depictions of characters, vivid description of the social environment and convincing plotting. The social reality reflected in Madame Bovary shocked the readers of his time. Someone reprimanded him for portraying the romantic affair of adultery woman. Some people admire him and abide by the reality of the perfect creative skills. Although there were many different opinions about novels and writers at the time, more and more commentators of later generations pointed out that “Madame Bovary” is the first French realistic novel. Flaubert has also been revered as the French originator of modern novels. Madame Bovary (Emma) was originally a beautiful girl in the French countryside. She has been well-educated in the monastery, read a lot of romantic novels, so my mind full of longing for a romantic life. In the package Farley doctor for his father to see the doctor and the package law Lee met. Bafarley doctor was tempted by her beauty, with her more. Later, when the doctor’s wife died, Emma became Madame Bovary. However, Dr. Bovary is not a passionate romantic man Emma imagined. Emma soon became annoyed with the dull life after marriage. In order to pursue the romantic life in the novel, Emma met Lyon and Rodolfo one after another, and committed themselves to them. She also thought she found a love life in romantic novels. Emma carrying her husband, squandered, in order to maintain the lover’s liveable life. She was finally in debt and could not pay her back. She went around for help, but her lover, who was adulterated with her, was no longer treating her. Finally, she was bankrupt, defeated, had poison suicides. When Doctor Burley Fali cleaned up her remains after the death of his wife, he discovered a great deal of love letters between her and her lover before she understood the truth. His wife, unfaithful, left a huge debt, and he soon fell in love with his hometown under this double blow. Leaving behind France and France to maintain only twelve female law. Flaubert did not let Emma escape the tragedy she created for her at the end of the novel. He hopes to show readers the real situation in real life, and thus to shock the reader’s heart.