“变革”与“战争”，可以看做是两条理解历史的重要线索。这一千年，东方与西方两大文明历经了完全不同的兴衰轨迹。变化在两方面都发生了，但是变化的内容、性质、目标不同。变化、变革、革命是事物背离自身的三种不同方式，其中革命是变化的极致。变化在技术领域、制度方面 “Change” and “war” can be seen as two important clues to understanding history. In this millennium, the two great civilizations of the East and the West have undergone entirely different trajectories of prosperity and decline. Changes have taken place in both ways, but the content, nature and goals of change are different. Change, change and revolution are three different ways in which things deviate from themselves. Revolution is the ultimate change. Changes in the technical fields, systems