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该文采用传统统计和地统计相结合的方法 ,研究了乡 (镇 )级区域土壤养分的空间变异与分区管理技术。结果表明 ,菜田土壤主要养分N、P、K、Mn、Zn、Fe等尤其是P、Mn和Fe的速效含量明显高于粮田 ,种植制度和土壤肥料有关的管理历史是对土壤养分进行宏观分区管理的一个重要依据 ;粮田土壤N、P、K、Mn、Zn和Fe普遍缺乏 ,不同土壤养分的变异情况各不相同。整个区域土壤N、P、K、Mn、Zn等主要养分速效含量的空间变异性存在着半方差结构 ,在较大范围内存在存在着空间相关性 ,这一基本趋势对土壤养分分区管理是有利的。粮田区域土壤养分速效含量呈现较明显的空间分布格局 ,对土壤主要养分N、P、K、Mn和Zn可分别分成 2、3、2、2和 2个养分分区 ,因而对这 5个土壤养分进行分区管理可行。作物高产优质分区平衡施肥技术在小麦和玉米上使产量分别增加 1 0 9%～ 1 2 5 %和 1 2 5 %～ 2 1 7% ,使经济效益分别提高5 89 97～ 74 6 5 6元 hm2 和 5 2 9 6 2～ 1 34 3 4 5元 hm2 。
In this paper, the methods of traditional statistics and geostatistics are used to study the spatial variability and zoning management techniques of soil nutrients at township level. The results showed that the available nutrients of main nutrients such as N, P, K, Mn, Zn, Fe, especially P, Mn and Fe in vegetable fields were significantly higher than those of grain fields. The management system was related to soil nutrients Macroscopic zoning management is an important basis; N, P, K, Mn, Zn and Fe are generally lacking in grain soils, and the variation of nutrients in different soils is different. The spatial variability of soil available N, P, K, Mn, Zn and other main nutrients in the whole area has a semi-variance structure, and there exists spatial correlation in a large area. This basic trend is beneficial to the management of soil nutrient partition of. The available soil nutrient contents in grain fields showed obvious spatial distribution pattern, and the main nutrients N, P, K, Mn and Zn in soil could be divided into 2, 3, 2, 2 and 2 nutrient zones respectively. Therefore, Nutrient partition management is feasible. High-yield and good-quality zonal balanced fertilization techniques increased yields of wheat and corn by 109% -125% and 125% -21.7% respectively, resulting in an economic benefit of 5989-74656 yuan hm2 and 5 2 9 6 2 ~ 1 34 3 4 5 yuan hm2.