一、导言在过去的三十年中,英国似乎一直扮演着推进能源行业管理理念和政策的领跑者角色。20世纪80年代和90年代期间,英国实行了能源供给全面私有化和自由化,并与一些国际组织,如世界银行,一道将这些理念推向世界。自20世纪90年代中期起,英国政府就开始积极建言国际社会,强调必须采取积极行动以应对尤以人类生产与消费能源方式所致的气候变化挑战。遗憾的是,这一言论并未完全具体落实到英国自身制定和实施 I. INTRODUCTION In the past three decades, the United Kingdom has always seemed to play a leading role in promoting the management concepts and policies of the energy industry. During the 1980s and 1990s, Britain introduced full privatization and liberalization of energy supplies and pushed those ideas to the world along with international organizations such as the World Bank. Since the mid-1990s, the British government began to actively advise the international community and emphasized the need to take positive actions in response to the challenges of climate change caused by the way in which human beings produce and consume energy. Regrettably, this statement has not been fully implemented and formulated and implemented by the United Kingdom itself